| 
Introduction l Buddha l Bodhidharma
Buddhism is based on the teachings
of the Buddha who was an enlightened human being,
not a God. All human beings have the potential
to become a Buddha. The word Buddha literally
means awakened or enlightened.
The
historical Buddha was born a royal prince in Northern
India in the year 563 B.C. His name was Siddhartha
and his family name was Gotama. His father
was King Suddhodana of the Shakyas who were a warrior
clan that lived by the footsteps of the Himalayas. His
mother was Queen Maya. As a prince, Siddhartha
in his royal palaces lived a life of luxury, surrounded
by wealth and comfort.
One
day as Prince Siddhartha ventured out of the palace
to see the world outside, he came in direct contact
with the stark realities of life. Within the narrow
confines of the palace he was only exposed to the
fortunate and pleasurable aspects of life but the
dark side, the common lot of mankind, was purposely
veiled from him. On his excursion he encountered
a decrepit old man, a diseased person, a corpse
and a calm, dignified ascetic. The first three
sights convincingly proved to him the inexorable
nature of life and the universal reality of human
suffering. The fourth sight signified the means
to overcome the ills of life and to attain calm
and peace. These four unexpected sights had a profound
impact on Prince Siddhartha.
Prince
Siddhartha at the age of twenty-nine decided to
leave his royal palace and family to live a holy
life as a wandering ascetic in the search for truth. It
was not the renunciation of a poor man who had
nothing to leave behind but the renunciation of
a prince in the full bloom of youth with the plenitude
of wealth and prosperity.
On his quest for truth, as an ascetic, Siddhartha
subjected himself through extreme mental and physical
austerities, which weakened his health. He
also became the disciple of many famous masters. They
taught him mental concentration and various meditation
techniques. Siddhartha had gained complete
mastery of meditation, yet his search for the ultimate
truth was not complete.
Siddhartha recognized that the truth is
to be found within oneself so he ceased to seek
external aid. He also realized the importance
of avoiding the extremes, regained his health and
discovered the middle path. The middle path
represents moderation and balance.
Finally after a strenuous struggle of six years,
at the age of thirty-five, Siddhartha while meditating
in solitude concentrated his mind and by his own
efforts and intuitive wisdom attained complete
enlightenment. Thereafter, he was known as
the Buddha, theawakened one.
The Buddha after attaining enlightenment spent
the next 45 years of his life traveling from village
to village teaching the dharma, the doctrine of
Buddhism. He came to this world to teach
the truth for the sake of all living beings. At
the age of 80 years old, the Buddha passed away
into Nirvana.
The wisdom of a Buddha is universal and transcends
all delusions, therefore it is said that all Buddhas
teach universal truths. To be a Buddha means
to have a perfect perception and comprehension
of life and the universe. It also means to
have perfect wisdom and boundless compassion for
all living beings.
There have been many Buddhas in the past and there
will be other Buddhas in the future. Intrinsically,
we are all potential Buddhas. |